The rotor system is an important part of the rotating machinery. The blade fracture caused by the crack propagation of the rotor is very harmful to the rotating machinery. There are many studies on the vibration characteristics of rotor blade cracks, but there are few studies on the diagnosis and recognition technology of rotor blade crack faults. The identification of rotor blade crack and its extension is of great significance for the final diagnosis of blade crack faults.

在机械设备故障诊断中，通常采用基于平稳过程的经典信号处理方法——傅里叶变换分析和加窗傅里叶分析，分别仅从时域或频域给出信号的统计平均结果，无法同时兼顾信号在时域和频域的全貌和局部化特征，而这些局部化特征往往是故障的表征。

In the fault diagnosis of mechanical equipment, usually by analysis -- Fu Liye transform and windowed Fu Liye classical signal processing method based on stationary process, were only from the statistical time domain or frequency domain signal is given the average results, not taking into account the whole image and characteristic of signal in time domain and frequency domain, and these features are often localized fault characterization.

裂纹产生的原因应力集中。采用有限元计算分析得出，转轮在水压力及离心力的作用下，大应力区主要分布在转轮叶片周边上，按第三强度理论计算的相当应力沿叶片周边分布。一般转轮叶片存在四个高应力区，他们的位置在叶片进水边正面(压力分布面)靠近上冠处；叶片出水边正面的中部；叶片出水边背面靠近上冠处；叶片与下环连接区内。

The cause of the crack is caused by stress concentration. The finite element analysis shows that under the action of water pressure and centrifugal force, the large stress area is mainly distributed on the periphery of runner blades, and the equivalent stress calculated by the third strength theory is distributed along the periphery of the blade. There are four high stress zones in general runner blades. Their positions are near the upper part of the inlet side of water inlet (pressure distribution surface) near the upper crown, and the middle part of the front side of the leaf outlet. The leaf outlet is near the upper crown, and the blade is connected with the lower ring connection area.

裂纹无损探伤检查在大修时对转轮进行无损探伤检查，及时处理缺陷，事故隐患是十分必要的。严重的裂纹等缺陷用肉眼和放大镜外观检查即可发现，但较细小的缺陷和内部的缺陷必须用无损探伤检查。

It is very necessary to remove the defects in time and eliminate the hidden trouble. Serious cracks and other defects can be found by the naked eye and magnifying mirror appearance examination, but the smaller defects and internal defects must be inspected by nondestructive testing.

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